Have you ever heard of multiple personalities? Those who enjoy thrillers (like the movie Split) may have come across this term. The technical name for this condition is Dissociative Identity Disorder.
Dissociative Identity Disorder is characterized by a discontinuity in one’s sense of self, which is a complicated way of saying that the perception of oneself as a unique individual is altered. Specifically, a person's identity is divided into at least two distinct personalities (as if there are two people within one body). These personalities differ in their consciousness, behavior, memories, perception, and emotions.
In this disorder, there are frequent memory gaps, both in relation to daily life and important personal information (often linked to traumatic events). Naturally, these symptoms cause significant distress. But what triggers a switch between different personality states? Various factors, including personal motivations and stress.
An alternative identity can manifest with or without an experience of possession. What does "experience of possession" mean? It means that the individual is aware that a different identity has taken control of their body and mind, and they perceive themselves as an external observer.
- American Psychiatric Association (2013) - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.).
- Bernhill, J. W. (2014) - DSM-5 Clinical Cases.
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